Power-hammer.



G. H. ROWE.

POWER HAMMER. APPLIoAiIoN FILED 00T. a1. 1910.

1,017,916. Patented Feb.20, 1912.

CDLUMBIA PLANOGRAPH co..v{^SH1NG1uN. D. c.

UNTTED sTATEs PATENT oEEioE.

GEORGE H. ROWE, OF IBERWYN, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR TO THE ELECTROMAGNETICTOOL COMPANY, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, A CORPORATION 0F ILLINOIS.

POWER-HAMMER.

To all 'whom t may concern.'

Be it known that I, GEORGE I-I. RowE, citizen of the United States,residing at Berwyn, in the county of Cook and Sta-te of Illinois, haveinvented a certain new and useful Improvement in Power-Hammers, of whichthe following is a full, clear, concise, and exact description.

My invention relates to t-hat class of power or drop hammers in whichthe blow of the mechanically reciprocated driving piston upon the pistonof the ram or hammer is cushioned by air, the air space in the cylinderbeing provided with a valve controlled by the user.

My invention, speaking generally, consists in providing a solenoid aboutthe cylinder, in order that the position and action of the hammer pistonwithin the cylinder may be under magnetic influence, and the positionthereof, and hence the length of the stroke of the hammer may beregulated by varying the strength of the current traversing the coils ofthe solenoid. I also provide for regulating the density of the aircushion thereby also regulating the length of stroke of the hammer. Incombining the regulation of the air cushion and t-he strength of thecurrent traversing the heliX the length of the stroke of the hammer andconsequently the intensity of the blow is linely regulated at the willof the user.

My invention will be more readily understood by reference to theaccompanying dra-wing7 in which- Figure 1 is a front view showing theposit-ion of the piston, in dotted lines; Fig. 2

is an enlarged fragmentary vertical section.

Like parts are indicated by similar character's of reference throughoutthe views.

I have shown the crank disk 1 with its connecting rod or pitman 2 forreciprocating the driving piston 3. Suitable split packing rings 4, 4l,4L are provided in the piston 3. The space 5 is provided between thedriving piston 3 and the driven or hammer piston 6, the density of theair cushion being controlled by a valve 7. Oil grooves are provided asshown in the drivenpiston 6, in the well-known way. In this way thedensity of the air cushion and hence the intensity of the blow may beregulated.

The cylinder 8 may be of cast iron. It is cut away at 9, 9, 9, 9 inorder that the resistance of the field of force may be in- Specicationof Letters Patent.

Application led October 31, 1910.

Patented Feb. 20, 1912.

Serial No. 589,876.

creased, that is to say, these openings are preferably provided betweenthe core or armature 6 (which also serves as vthe hammer piston) and thesurrounding solenoid or electrcmagnet coil or helix 10. The hammer 11works in grooves provided in the guide blocks 12, 12 as shown. The anvil13 is in' proper position upon. the anvil block. The rheostat orresistance box 14 is provided for regulating the strength of the currentin the solenoid. The lever being readily controlled by the treadle 15.

It will be seen that thev intensity of the blows of the hammer will bedetermined by the length of the stroke; the user has two cooperatingmeans for thus regulating the length of the stroke, first, by means ofthe valve 7 connected with the air space 5 and, second, by means of thesaid rheostat.

Referring to the crank disk, it will be seen that in its revolution thedriven piston is reciprocated in the cylinder to carry the hammer pistondown belowv its normal suspended position and on the return strokeupwardly above such intermediate position. In lifting the hammer, thelirst part of the upward stroke is assisted by the action of thesolenoid thereon and thus power is exerted over and above theatmospheric pressure until the hammer piston has passed upwardly aboveits normal or intermediate position; the suction of the air aided by themomentum acquired will carry the piston and consequently the hammersomewhat above this normal intermediate position.

It will be understood that the cuttingaway of the cylinder 8 at points 9is for the purpose of increasing the reluctance of the magnetic circuit,as is well understood.

The plunger or core 6 would normally occupy what is actually itsintermediate position, such latter position being that shown in thedrawings. Hence upon a downward stroke being completed and the piston 3being retracted, the piston 6 is drawn up into the solenoid, in a wellunderstood manner. There being a magnetic attraction between the twopistons, the piston 3 in its backward stroke tends to partially withdrawwith it the piston 6, and thus elevates the piston 6 above what would beits normal position. The extent to which the piston 6 is thus elevatedand hence the length of the stroke is dependent upon the degree ofenergization of the solenoid 10.

I claim- 1. The combination with a cylinder, of a driving piston and adriven piston working in the cylinder, an air space being providedbetween the said pistons7 a solenoid surrounding the cylinder, thedriven piston being the core of said solenoid, said solenoid beingadapted when traversed by current to hold said driven piston in anintermediate suspended Heating position, the driving piston, whenreciprocated, acting through the medium of the air cushion formed in thesaid space to operate the driven piston, and a tool carried by saiddriven piston,

2. The combination with a cylinder and a solenoid surrounding the same,of a. reciprocating hammer and its piston, adapted to be held suspendedby the magnetic action of the solenoid when traversed by current, meansunder the control ot the user tor varying the strength oit said currentto regulate the position ot the hammer, an air space being provided inthe cylinder above the said piston, and a mechanically recip rocatedpiston acting, through the medium of the air forming a cushion in saidspace, upon the hammer to operate the same.

3. The combination in a power hammer mechanism, of a piston and a hammercarried thereby7 a solenoid surrounding the piston, said solenoid whentraversed by current being adapted to hold the hammer in a suspended ortioating position, and means for Varying the strength oit the solenoidto regulate the lengt-h of the stroke and intensity o'l' the blowsubstantially as and for the purpose specified.

Ll. The combination of a driven connecting rod and a` pistonreeiprocated thereby7 a hammer and its piston, a cylinder having an airspace therein between said pistons. a valve under the control of theuser for regulating the air cushion :termed between said piston, asolenoid, the hammer piston being of iron and serving as the core orarmature of said solenoid which surrounds the said piston, and means forvarying the strength of said solenoid whereby the length ot' stroke andconsequent intensity of the blow of the hammer may be controlled by theriser7 substantially as and for the purpose specified.

5. The combination with a cylinder, of a mechanically driven pistonarranged to reciprocate therein7 a solenoid surrounding said cylinderbeyond the end of the forward stroke of said piston, a second piston insaid cylinder, said second piston constitnting a core for said solenoid,and a tool can4 ried by said second piston.

6. The combination with an iron cylinder, ot a lmechanically drivenpiston of magnetic material arranged to reciprocate there inv`v asolenoid surrounding said cylinder beyond the end ot the forward strokeoi' said piston. a second piston of magnetic material iitting in saidcylinder in proX- imity to said solenoid, and a tool carried by saidsecond piston.

7. The combination with an iron cylinder'.y ot a mechanically driveniron piston arranged to reciprocate in said cylinder, a solenoidsurrounding said cylinder beyond the end ot' the forward stroke of saidpis ton, a second iron piston iitting in said cyl inder and constitutinga movable core for said solenoid, said second piston being arranged tobe driven by said first mentioned piston, said cylinder being providedwith openings about` its cirenniference at approximately the point atwhich the inner face of the second piston is designed to be driven, anda tool carried by said second piston.

In witness whereof7 l, hereunto subscribe my name this 29th day ofOct-ober, A. D., 1910.

GEORGE H. ROWE. lli/'itnesses Geenen P. BARTON,' MGCLELLAND YOUNG.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for 'five cents each, byaddressing the Commissioner of Eatents, Washington, D. C.

